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Dan Radigan. Claire Drumond. Laura Daly. Sherif Mansour. Martin Suntinger. All articles. User stories serve a number of key benefits: Stories keep the focus on the user.
A to-do list keeps the team focused on tasks that need to be checked off, but a collection of stories keeps the team focused on solving problems for real users. Stories enable collaboration. With the end goal defined, the team can work together to decide how best to serve the user and meet that goal. That's greatly depends on your development team so there's no "correct answer". If your team needs guidance and clear, with-no-room-for-interpretation tasks you'd better stick with detailed instructions on how stories should perform.
Otherwise, the "just get it done" approach may work as well. If you were ever involved in working with Agile frameworks, you already know that both Scrum and Kanban teams greatly benefit from writing User Stories. In Kanban, teams accumulate Stories in a Backlog and then run them one by one to support the work-in-progress flow. This helps to constantly stay on track and improve development team KPIs.
Scrum which we usually prefer at Stormotion teams also love User Stories. We actively use them to make estimations, prioritize and plan sprints which helps us stay agile and flexible to any changes. Except for the above-mentioned, there are some vivid benefits that are common to all Agile teams:. The more people join the conversation, the better. At Stormotion, Stories are written by all team members who are related to the business-side of the project sales managers, marketers, a product owner etc.
A Story-writing meeting in our HQ is usually held near the start of the project. We prefer to gear ourselves up to make sure that a project goes well from the first day to the last. Seems short and easy to write. By the way, you're welcome to create your own User Story template.
However, we at Stormotion have a specific workflow that helps us deliver the best Stories:. This is the first and, maybe, the most fundamental step. Before writing a User Story you should actually know who the end users of your product are. And more important - what needs they have, which you are trying to cover.
If you want to achieve really great results you may want to dive into your audience even more. Now we have a few groups of end users. Finally, the last piece of our User Stories template is dedicated to a value that users get after performing an action.
However, your [so that] section should always correspond with your metrics and KPIs. Each Story should contribute something to the general goal of your product. For instance, there are a few User Stories examples with a well-written value for our ongoing food ordering app project:.
Even if it seems like nothing to talk about. It helps us understand how it should work and agree on acceptance criteria. This way we review all mobile app user stories examples one by one. Then we hold a brainstorming session with the whole team working on the project. It allows us to find out the best ways to implement User Stories from the tech perspective.
Our Stormotion Squad also uses the following tips when working on this task:. Userser stories are used to to guide how to create functionality. The free, downloadable templates below can be used for creating and working with user stories in various phases of the Agile process.
You can read more about Agile and download free Agile project management templates here. Scrum is a variation on the widely-used Agile method. There are some differences between the practices of the two methods: Scrum refers to a daily, short team meeting to discuss progress and plans. In Scrum, cycles are called sprints instead of iterations, and acceptance criteria are referred to as definition of done DOD. However, Scrum and Agile do share high-level principles. There is not a specific format for Agile user stories, so a number of variations exist though they vary only slightly in terminology.
User stories are often pulled out of epics , which often follow a format similar to that of user stories. However, epics are more high level and cover multiple functions. They can also be stated as short phrases. Epics are too broad to be completed in one Agile iteration, so they need to be broken down. The idea is not to eliminate anything from the epic, but to create user stories that are granular enough to be completed in a single iteration.
Example epics for a calendar app might include the following:. Initially, it can be difficult to distinguish between an epic and a user story, but it becomes easier with experience.
Epics and user stories should be based on the needs of users rather than on speculation — interviews with users or potential users ensure that the stories will be based on reality. Many organizations also use personas when creating user stories.
A persona is a short biography of a fictitious user that helps designers and developers focus on a specific user type rather than a general, imaginary user. Some organizations break down user stories into child stories also called sub-stories that fit the work needed into a single iteration.
Anyone on a project can write user stories at any time during the project. Generally, a story-writing session happens before the first iteration, which gives the product team a backlog of stories to tackle. Read more about the process of writing users stories here.
There are some helpful frameworks to help for writing strong user stories. User stories have become popular in Agile and other methodologies because they provide value and help product development teams work toward the goal of creating functionality that meets user needs.
Here are some of the benefits of user stories:. Here are some of the associated challenges:. User stories are a starting point for a team discussion. During the discussion, the user stories may be displayed on a product canvas, along with personas, epics, and other related items, through a tool such as StoriesOnBoard or FeatureMap.
Some teams will also create low-res mockups to allow then to walk through the functionality that will provide a solution to the problem addressed by the user story.
Once user stories have been created and discussed, they need to be mapped. Mapping is a process of laying out a grid of the user stories in logical groups related to a feature or a function or tasks that users complete. Each group may be called a theme.
There are many ways to map user stories, including writing them on sticky notes and putting them on a wall or having a box full of index cards and spreading them on a table. Read more about user story mapping here. As mentioned before, user stories are collected in a backlog. The backlog is a prioritized list of the functionality that will be created for the product. The product owner is responsible for ensuring that there are enough user stories in the backlog for each iteration.
While some organizations use other items in their backlog, user stories are the most popular item. In Waterfall project management, a requirements document outlines what features and functions will be included in the final product. While user stories are not true requirements, in Agile project management, the backlog serves a purpose similar to that of the requirements document. Due to its structure, a backlog in Agile is much more fluid than that of a Waterfall requirements document.
After a team agrees on the initial stories, they should meet to flesh out the rest of the information needed for development, testing, and other process steps.
They should also prioritize which functionality described in the user stories will be developed first.
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